Stockholm Syndrome, a psychological disorder in which a captive comes over time to feel entirely dependant on, and even affectionate towards, his or her captor.
It is named after a bank robbery in Stockholm in 1972 in which the bank workers became emotionally attached to the criminals over a six-day hostage ordeal.
The most notorious case is probably that of Patty Hearst, granddaughter of the publishing magnate, William Randolph Hearst, who became a member of the outlawed Symbionese Liberation Army having been abducted by them.
Monday, August 31, 2009
We can locate the location of printing just by analysing the xerox print(Forensic identification)
Similar to forensic identification of typewriters, computer printers and copiers can be traced by imperfections in their output. The mechanical tolerances of the toner and paper feed mechanisms cause banding, which can reveal information about the individual device's mechanical properties. It is often possible to identify the manufacturer and brand, and, in some cases, the individual printer can be identified from a set of known printers by comparing their outputs.
Some high-quality color printers and copiers steganographically embed their identification code into the printed pages, as fine and almost invisible patterns of yellow dots. Some sources identify Xerox and Canon as companies doing this. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) has investigated this issue and documented how the Xerox DocuColor printer's serial number, as well as the date and time of the printout, are encoded in a repeating 8×15 dot pattern in the yellow channel. EFF is working to reverse engineer additional printers. The US government has been reported to have asked these companies to implement such a tracking scheme, so that counterfeiting can be traced.
Printer steganography is a type of steganography produced by color printers, including HP, Xerox and Epson brand color laser printers, where tiny yellow dots are added to each page. The dots are barely visible and contain encoded printer serial numbers, as well as date and time stamps.
Color laser printers appear to be the type mostly involved, the measure being brought in during the 1990s by companies such as Xerox seeking to reassure governments that their printers would not be used for the purposes of forgery. The identification is by means of a watermark, often using yellow-on-white, embedded in the printout of each page, and in conjunction with other information can be used to identify the printer which was used to print any document originally produced on a wide range of popular printers. It may be actual text, or a repeated pattern of dots throughout the page, more easily visible under blue light or with a magnifying glass, and is intended to be very difficult to notice with the naked eye.
In 2005, the Electronic Frontier Foundation cracked the codes for DocuColor printers and published an online guide to their detection.Most printers' codes have not been decoded, although the coding system framework and printer serial number encoding is the same on both DocuColour and the Epson Aculaser C1100/C1100N/A and possibly many more Epson lasers.
An illustration of printer stenography—yellow dots that many color printers produce to encode printing date, type of printer and printer ID.
Some high-quality color printers and copiers steganographically embed their identification code into the printed pages, as fine and almost invisible patterns of yellow dots. Some sources identify Xerox and Canon as companies doing this. The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) has investigated this issue and documented how the Xerox DocuColor printer's serial number, as well as the date and time of the printout, are encoded in a repeating 8×15 dot pattern in the yellow channel. EFF is working to reverse engineer additional printers. The US government has been reported to have asked these companies to implement such a tracking scheme, so that counterfeiting can be traced.
Printer steganography is a type of steganography produced by color printers, including HP, Xerox and Epson brand color laser printers, where tiny yellow dots are added to each page. The dots are barely visible and contain encoded printer serial numbers, as well as date and time stamps.
Color laser printers appear to be the type mostly involved, the measure being brought in during the 1990s by companies such as Xerox seeking to reassure governments that their printers would not be used for the purposes of forgery. The identification is by means of a watermark, often using yellow-on-white, embedded in the printout of each page, and in conjunction with other information can be used to identify the printer which was used to print any document originally produced on a wide range of popular printers. It may be actual text, or a repeated pattern of dots throughout the page, more easily visible under blue light or with a magnifying glass, and is intended to be very difficult to notice with the naked eye.
In 2005, the Electronic Frontier Foundation cracked the codes for DocuColor printers and published an online guide to their detection.Most printers' codes have not been decoded, although the coding system framework and printer serial number encoding is the same on both DocuColour and the Epson Aculaser C1100/C1100N/A and possibly many more Epson lasers.
An illustration of printer stenography—yellow dots that many color printers produce to encode printing date, type of printer and printer ID.
a Japanese word=Geisha
‘Geisha’ is a Japanese word meaning “a Japanese woman trained to entertain men with conversation and singing and dancing”
Sunday, August 30, 2009
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
SPIRITUALITY & THE TAMIL NATION
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
The Threads of Union
Divided into Four Chapters
Before beginning any spiritual text
it is customary to clear the mind of all distracting thoughts,
to calm the breath and to purify the heart.
Translation courtesy Bon Giovanni
Contemplation Spiritual Disciplines Divine Powers Realization
Chapter One
Contemplation
1. Now, instruction in Union.
2: Union is restraining the thought-streams natural to the mind.
3: Then the seer dwells in his own nature.
4: Otherwise he is of the same form as the thought-streams.
5: The thought-streams are five-fold, painful and not painful.
6: Right knowledge, wrong knowledge, fancy, sleep and memory.
7: Right knowledge is inference, tradition and genuine cognition.
8: Wrong knowledge is false, illusory, erroneous beliefs or notions.
9: Fancy is following after word-knowledge empty of substance.
10: Deep sleep is the modification of the mind which has for its substratum nothingness.
11: Memory is not allowing mental impressions to escape.
12: These thought-streams are controlled by practice and non-attachment.
13: Practice is the effort to secure steadiness.
14: This practice becomes well-grounded when continued with reverent devotion and without interruption over a long period of time.
15: Desirelessness towards the seen and the unseen gives the consciousness of mastery.
16: This is signified by an indifference to the three attributes, due to knowledge of the Indweller.
17: Cognitive meditation is accompanied by reasoning, discrimination, bliss and the sense of 'I am.'
18: There is another meditation which is attained by the practice of alert mental suspension until only subtle impressions remain.
19: For those beings who are formless and for those beings who are merged in unitive consciousness, the world is the cause.
20: For others, clarity is preceded by faith, energy, memory and equalminded contemplation.
21: Equalminded contemplation is nearest to those whose desire is most ardent.
22: There is further distinction on account of the mild, moderate or intense means employed.
23: Or by surrender to God.
24: God is a particular yet universal indweller, untouched by afflictions, actions, impressions and their results.
25: In God, the seed of omniscience is unsurpassed.
26: Not being conditioned by time, God is the teacher of even the ancients.
27: God's voice is Om.
28: The repetition of Om should be made with an understanding of its meaning.
29: From that is gained introspection and also the disappearance of obstacles.
30: Disease, inertia, doubt, lack of enthusiasm, laziness, sensuality, mind-wandering, missing the point, instability- these distractions of the mind are the obstacles.
31: Pain, despair, nervousness, and disordered inspiration and expiration are co-existent with these obstacles.
32: For the prevention of the obstacles, one truth should be practiced constantly.
33: By cultivating friendliness towards happiness and compassion towards misery, gladness towards virtue and indifference towards vice, the mind becomes pure.
34: Optionally, mental equanimity may be gained by the even expulsion and retention of energy.
35: Or activity of the higher senses causes mental steadiness.
36: Or the state of sorrowless Light.
37: Or the mind taking as an object of concentration those who are freed of compulsion.
38: Or depending on the knowledge of dreams and sleep.
39: Or by meditation as desired.
40: The mastery of one in Union extends from the finest atomic particle to the greatest infinity.
41: When the agitations of the mind are under control, the mind becomes like a transparent crystal and has the power of becoming whatever form is presented: knower, act of knowing, or what is known.
42: The argumentative condition is the confused mixing of the word, its right meaning, and knowledge.
43: When the memory is purified and the mind shines forth as the object alone, it is called non-argumentative.
44: In this way the meditative and the ultra-meditative having the subtle for their objects are also described.
45: The province of the subtle terminates with pure matter that has no pattern or distinguishing mark.
46: These constitute seeded contemplations.
47: On attaining the purity of the ultra-meditative state there is the pure flow of spiritual consciousness.
48: Therein is the faculty of supreme wisdom.
49: The wisdom obtained in the higher states of consciousness is different from that obtained by inference and testimony as it refers to particulars.
50: The habitual pattern of thought stands in the way of other impressions.
51: With the suppression of even that through the suspension of all modifications of the mind, contemplation without seed is attained.
________________________________________
Chapter Two
Spiritual Disciplines
2:1 Austerity, the study of sacred texts, and the dedication of action to God constitute the discipline of Mystic Union.
2:2 This discipline is practised for the purpose of acquiring fixity of mind on the Lord, free from all impurities and agitations, or on One's Own Reality, and for attenuating the afflictions.
2:3 The five afflictions are ignorance, egoism, attachment, aversion, and the desire to cling to life.
2:4 Ignorance is the breeding place for all the others whether they are dormant or attenuated, partially overcome or fully operative
2:5 Ignorance is taking the non-eternal for the eternal, the impure for the pure, evil for good and non-self as self.
2:6 Egoism is the identification of the power that knows with the instruments of knowing.
2:7 Attachment is that magnetic pattern which clusters in pleasure and pulls one towards such experience.
2:8 Aversion is the magnetic pattern which clusters in misery and pushes one from such experience.
2:9 Flowing by its own energy, established even in the wise and in the foolish, is the unending desire for life.
2:10 These patterns when subtle may be removed by developing their contraries.
2:11 Their active afflictions are to be destroyed by meditation.
2:12 The impressions of works have their roots in afflictions and arise as experience in the present and the future births.
2:13 When the root exists, its fruition is birth, life and experience.
2:14 They have pleasure or pain as their fruit, according as their cause be virtue or vice.
2:15 All is misery to the wise because of the pains of change, anxiety, and purificatory acts.
2:16 The grief which has not yet come may be avoided.
2:17 The cause of the avoidable is the superimposition of the external world onto the unseen world.
2:18 The experienced world consists of the elements and the senses in play. It is of the nature of cognition, activity and rest, and is for the purpose of experience and realization.
2:19 The stages of the attributes effecting the experienced world are the specialized and the unspecialized, the differentiated and the undifferentiated.
2:20 The indweller is pure consciousness only, which though pure, sees through the mind and is identified by ego as being only the mind.
2:21 The very existence of the seen is for the sake of the seer.
2:22 Although Creation is discerned as not real for the one who has achieved the goal, it is yet real in that Creation remains the common experience to others.
2:23 The association of the seer with Creation is for the distinct recognition of the objective world, as well as for the recognition of the distinct nature of the seer.
2:24 The cause of the association is ignorance.
2:25 Liberation of the seer is the result of the dissassociation of the seer and the seen, with the disappearance of ignorance.
2:26 The continuous practice of discrimination is the means of attaining liberation.
2:27 Steady wisdom manifests in seven stages.
2:28 On the destruction of impurity by the sustained practice of the limbs of Union, the light of knowledge reveals the faculty of discrimination.
2:29 The eight limbs of Union are self-restraint in actions, fixed observance, posture, regulation of energy, mind-control in sense engagements, concentration, meditation, and realization.
2:30 Self-restraint in actions includes abstention from violence, from falsehoods, from stealing, from sexual engagements, and from acceptance of gifts.
2:31 These five willing abstentions are not limited by rank, place, time or circumstance and constitute the Great Vow.
2:32 The fixed observances are cleanliness, contentment, austerity, study and persevering devotion to God.
2:33 When improper thoughts disturb the mind, there should be constant pondering over the opposites.
2:34 Improper thoughts and emotions such as those of violence- whether done, caused to be done, or even approved of- indeed, any thought originating in desire, anger or delusion, whether mild medium or intense- do all result in endless pain and misery. Overcome such distractions by pondering on the opposites.
2:35 When one is confirmed in non-violence, hostility ceases in his presence.
2:36 When one is firmly established in speaking truth, the fruits of action become subservient to him.
2:37 All jewels approach him who is confirmed in honesty.
2:38 When one is confirmed in celibacy, spiritual vigor is gained.
2:39 When one is confirmed in non-possessiveness, the knowledge of the why and how of existence is attained.
2:40 From purity follows a withdrawal from enchantment over one's own body as well as a cessation of desire for physical contact with others.
2:41 As a result of contentment there is purity of mind, one-pointedness, control of the senses, and fitness for the vision of the self.
2:42 Supreme happiness is gained via contentment.
2:43 Through sanctification and the removal of impurities, there arise special powers in the body and senses.
2:44 By study comes communion with the Lord in the Form most admired.
2:45 Realization is experienced by making the Lord the motive of all actions.
2:46 The posture should be steady and comfortable.
2:47 In effortless relaxation, dwell mentally on the Endless with utter attention. 2:48 From that there is no disturbance from the dualities.
2:49 When that exists, control of incoming and outgoing energies is next.
2:50 It may be external, internal, or midway, regulated by time, place, or number, and of brief or long duration.
2:51 Energy-control which goes beyond the sphere of external and internal is the fourth level- the vital.
2:52 In this way, that which covers the light is destroyed.
2:53 Thus the mind becomes fit for concentration.
2:54 When the mind maintains awareness, yet does not mingle with the senses, nor the senses with sense impressions, then self-awareness blossoms.
2:55 In this way comes mastery over the senses.
________________________________________
Chapter Three
Divine Powers
3:1 One-pointedness is steadfastness of the mind.
3:2 Unbroken continuation of that mental ability is meditation.
3:3 That same meditation when there is only consciousness of the object of meditation and not of the mind is realization.
3:4 The three appearing together are self-control.
3:5 By mastery comes wisdom.
3:6 The application of mastery is by stages.
3:7 The three are more efficacious than the restraints.
3:8 Even that is external to the seedless realization.
3:9 The significant aspect is the union of the mind with the moment of absorption, when the outgoing thought disappears and the absorptive experience appears.
3:10 From sublimation of this union comes the peaceful flow of unbroken unitive cognition.
3:11 The contemplative transformation of this is equalmindedness, witnessing the rise and destruction of distraction as well as one-pointedness itself.
3:12 The mind becomes one-pointed when the subsiding and rising thought-waves are exactly similar.
3:13 In this state, it passes beyond the changes of inherent characteristics, properties and the conditional modifications of object or sensory recognition.
3:14 The object is that which preserves the latent characteristic, the rising characteristic or the yet-to-be-named characteristic that establishes one entity as specific.
3:15 The succession of these changes in that entity is the cause of its modification.
3:16 By self-control over these three-fold changes (of property, character and condition), knowledge of the past and the future arises.
3:17 The sound of a word, the idea behind the word, and the object the idea signfies are often taken as being one thing and may be mistaken for one another. By self-control over their distinctions, understanding of all languages of all creatures arises.
3:18 By self-control on the perception of mental impressions, knowledge of previous lives arises.
3:19 By self-control on any mark of a body, the wisdom of the mind activating that body arises.
3:20 By self-control on the form of a body, by suspending perceptibility and separating effulgence therefrom, there arises invisibility and inaudibilty.
3:21 Action is of two kinds, dormant and fruitful. By self-control on such action, one portends the time of death.
3:22 By performing self-control on friendliness, the strength to grant joy arises.
3:23 By self-control over any kind of strength, such as that of the elephant, that very strength arises.
3:24 By self-control on the primal activator comes knowledge of the hidden, the subtle, and the distant.
3:25 By self-control on the Sun comes knowledge of spatial specificities.
3:26 By self-control on the Moon comes knowledge of the heavens.
3:27 By self-control on the Polestar arises knowledge of orbits.
3:28 By self-control on the navel arises knowledge of the constitution of the body.
3:29 By self-control on the pit of the throat one subdues hunger and thirst.
3:30 By self-control on the tube within the chest one acquires absolute steadiness.
3:31 By self-control on the light in the head one envisions perfected beings.
3:32 There is knowledge of everything from intuition.
3:33 Self-control on the heart brings knowledge of the mental entity.
3:34 Experience arises due to the inability of discerning the attributes of vitality from the indweller, even though they are indeed distinct from one another. Self-control brings true knowledge of the indweller by itself.
3:35 This spontaneous enlightenment results in intuitional perception of hearing, touching, seeing and smelling.
3:36 To the outward turned mind, the sensory organs are perfections, but are obstacles to realization.
3:37 When the bonds of the mind caused by action have been loosened, one may enter the body of another by knowledge of how the nerve-currents function.
3:38 By self-control of the nerve-currents utilising the lifebreath, one may levitate, walk on water, swamps, thorns, or the like.
3:39 By self-control over the maintenance of breath, one may radiate light.
3:40 By self-control on the relation of the ear to the ether one gains distant hearing.
3:41 By self-control over the relation of the body to the ether, and maintaining at the same time the thought of the lightness of cotton, one is able to pass through space.
3:42 By self-control on the mind when it is separated from the body- the state known as the Great Transcorporeal- all coverings are removed from the Light.
3:43 Mastery over the elements arises when their gross and subtle forms,as well as their essential characteristics, and the inherent attributes and experiences they produce, is examined in self-control.
3:44 Thereby one may become as tiny as an atom as well as having many other abilities, such as perfection of the body, and non-resistence to duty.
3:45 Perfection of the body consists in beauty, grace, strength and adamantine hardness.
3:46 By self-control on the changes that the sense-organs endure when contacting objects, and on the power of the sense of identity, and of the influence of the attributes, and the experience all these produce- one masters the senses.
3:47 From that come swiftness of mind, independence of perception, and mastery over primoridal matter.
3:48 To one who recognizes the distinctive relation between vitality and indweller comes omnipotence and omniscience.
3:49 Even for the destruction of the seed of bondage by desirelessness there comes absolute independence.
3:50 When invited by invisible beings one should be neither flattered nor satisfied, for there is yet a possibility of ignorance rising up.
3:51 By self-control over single moments and their succession there is wisdom born of discrimination.
3:52 From that there is recognition of two similars when that difference cannot be distinguished by class, characteristic or position.
3:53 Intuition, which is the entire discriminative knowledge, relates to all objects at all times, and is without succession.
3:54 Liberation is attained when there is equal purity between vitality and the indweller.
________________________________________
Chapter Four
Realization
4:1 Psychic powers arise by birth, drugs, incantations, purificatory acts or concentrated insight.
4:2 Transformation into another state is by the directed flow of creative nature.
4:3 Creative nature is not moved into action by any incidental cause, but by the removal of obstacles, as in the case of a farmer clearing his field of stones for irrigation.
4:4 Created minds arise from egoism alone.
4:5 There being difference of interest, one mind is the director of many minds.
4:6 Of these, the mind born of concentrated insight is free from the impressions.
4:7 The impressions of unitive cognition are neither good nor bad. In the case of the others, there are three kinds of impressions.
4:8 From them proceed the development of the tendencies which bring about the fruition of actions.
4:9 Because of the magnetic qualities of habitual mental patterns and memory, a relationship of cause and effect clings even though there may be a change of embodiment by class, space and time.
4:10 The desire to live is eternal, and the thought-clusters prompting a sense of identity are beginningless.
4:11 Being held together by cause and effect, substratum and object- the tendencies themselves disappear on the dissolution of these bases.
4:12 The past and the future exist in the object itself as form and expression, there being difference in the conditions of the properties.
4:13 Whether manifested or unmanifested they are of the nature of the attributes.
4:14 Things assume reality because of the unity maintained within that modification.
4:15 Even though the external object is the same, there is a difference of cognition in regard to the object because of the difference in mentality.
4:16 And if an object known only to a single mind were not cognized by that mind, would it then exist?
4:17 An object is known or not known by the mind, depending on whether or not the mind is colored by the object.
4:18 The mutations of awareness are always known on account of the changelessness of its Lord, the indweller.
4:19 Nor is the mind self-luminous, as it can be known.
4:20 It is not possible for the mind to be both the perceived and the perceiver simultaneously.
4:21 In the case of cognition of one mind by another, we would have to assume cognition of cognition, and there would be confusion of memories.
4:22 Consciousness appears to the mind itself as intellect when in that form in which it does not pass from place to place.
4:23 The mind is said to perceive when it reflects both the indweller (the knower) and the objects of perception (the known).
4:24 Though variegated by innumerable tendencies, the mind acts not for itself but for another, for the mind is of compound substance.
4:25 For one who sees the distinction, there is no further confusing of the mind with the self.
4:26 Then the awareness begins to discriminate, and gravitates towards liberation.
4:27 Distractions arise from habitual thought patterns when practice is intermittent.
4:28 The removal of the habitual thought patterns is similar to that of the afflictions already described.
4:29 To one who remains undistracted in even the highest intellection there comes the equalminded realization known as The Cloud of Virtue. This is a result of discriminative discernment.
4:30 From this there follows freedom from cause and effect and afflictions.
4:31 The infinity of knowledge available to such a mind freed of all obscuration and property makes the universe of sensory perception seem small.
4:32 Then the sequence of change in the three attributes comes to an end, for they have fulfilled their function.
4:33 The sequence of mutation occurs in every second, yet is comprehensible only at the end of a series.
4:34 When the attributes cease mutative association with awarenessness, they resolve into dormancy in Nature, and the indweller shines forth as pure consciousness. This is absolute freedom.
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
The Threads of Union
Divided into Four Chapters
Before beginning any spiritual text
it is customary to clear the mind of all distracting thoughts,
to calm the breath and to purify the heart.
Translation courtesy Bon Giovanni
Contemplation Spiritual Disciplines Divine Powers Realization
Chapter One
Contemplation
1. Now, instruction in Union.
2: Union is restraining the thought-streams natural to the mind.
3: Then the seer dwells in his own nature.
4: Otherwise he is of the same form as the thought-streams.
5: The thought-streams are five-fold, painful and not painful.
6: Right knowledge, wrong knowledge, fancy, sleep and memory.
7: Right knowledge is inference, tradition and genuine cognition.
8: Wrong knowledge is false, illusory, erroneous beliefs or notions.
9: Fancy is following after word-knowledge empty of substance.
10: Deep sleep is the modification of the mind which has for its substratum nothingness.
11: Memory is not allowing mental impressions to escape.
12: These thought-streams are controlled by practice and non-attachment.
13: Practice is the effort to secure steadiness.
14: This practice becomes well-grounded when continued with reverent devotion and without interruption over a long period of time.
15: Desirelessness towards the seen and the unseen gives the consciousness of mastery.
16: This is signified by an indifference to the three attributes, due to knowledge of the Indweller.
17: Cognitive meditation is accompanied by reasoning, discrimination, bliss and the sense of 'I am.'
18: There is another meditation which is attained by the practice of alert mental suspension until only subtle impressions remain.
19: For those beings who are formless and for those beings who are merged in unitive consciousness, the world is the cause.
20: For others, clarity is preceded by faith, energy, memory and equalminded contemplation.
21: Equalminded contemplation is nearest to those whose desire is most ardent.
22: There is further distinction on account of the mild, moderate or intense means employed.
23: Or by surrender to God.
24: God is a particular yet universal indweller, untouched by afflictions, actions, impressions and their results.
25: In God, the seed of omniscience is unsurpassed.
26: Not being conditioned by time, God is the teacher of even the ancients.
27: God's voice is Om.
28: The repetition of Om should be made with an understanding of its meaning.
29: From that is gained introspection and also the disappearance of obstacles.
30: Disease, inertia, doubt, lack of enthusiasm, laziness, sensuality, mind-wandering, missing the point, instability- these distractions of the mind are the obstacles.
31: Pain, despair, nervousness, and disordered inspiration and expiration are co-existent with these obstacles.
32: For the prevention of the obstacles, one truth should be practiced constantly.
33: By cultivating friendliness towards happiness and compassion towards misery, gladness towards virtue and indifference towards vice, the mind becomes pure.
34: Optionally, mental equanimity may be gained by the even expulsion and retention of energy.
35: Or activity of the higher senses causes mental steadiness.
36: Or the state of sorrowless Light.
37: Or the mind taking as an object of concentration those who are freed of compulsion.
38: Or depending on the knowledge of dreams and sleep.
39: Or by meditation as desired.
40: The mastery of one in Union extends from the finest atomic particle to the greatest infinity.
41: When the agitations of the mind are under control, the mind becomes like a transparent crystal and has the power of becoming whatever form is presented: knower, act of knowing, or what is known.
42: The argumentative condition is the confused mixing of the word, its right meaning, and knowledge.
43: When the memory is purified and the mind shines forth as the object alone, it is called non-argumentative.
44: In this way the meditative and the ultra-meditative having the subtle for their objects are also described.
45: The province of the subtle terminates with pure matter that has no pattern or distinguishing mark.
46: These constitute seeded contemplations.
47: On attaining the purity of the ultra-meditative state there is the pure flow of spiritual consciousness.
48: Therein is the faculty of supreme wisdom.
49: The wisdom obtained in the higher states of consciousness is different from that obtained by inference and testimony as it refers to particulars.
50: The habitual pattern of thought stands in the way of other impressions.
51: With the suppression of even that through the suspension of all modifications of the mind, contemplation without seed is attained.
________________________________________
Chapter Two
Spiritual Disciplines
2:1 Austerity, the study of sacred texts, and the dedication of action to God constitute the discipline of Mystic Union.
2:2 This discipline is practised for the purpose of acquiring fixity of mind on the Lord, free from all impurities and agitations, or on One's Own Reality, and for attenuating the afflictions.
2:3 The five afflictions are ignorance, egoism, attachment, aversion, and the desire to cling to life.
2:4 Ignorance is the breeding place for all the others whether they are dormant or attenuated, partially overcome or fully operative
2:5 Ignorance is taking the non-eternal for the eternal, the impure for the pure, evil for good and non-self as self.
2:6 Egoism is the identification of the power that knows with the instruments of knowing.
2:7 Attachment is that magnetic pattern which clusters in pleasure and pulls one towards such experience.
2:8 Aversion is the magnetic pattern which clusters in misery and pushes one from such experience.
2:9 Flowing by its own energy, established even in the wise and in the foolish, is the unending desire for life.
2:10 These patterns when subtle may be removed by developing their contraries.
2:11 Their active afflictions are to be destroyed by meditation.
2:12 The impressions of works have their roots in afflictions and arise as experience in the present and the future births.
2:13 When the root exists, its fruition is birth, life and experience.
2:14 They have pleasure or pain as their fruit, according as their cause be virtue or vice.
2:15 All is misery to the wise because of the pains of change, anxiety, and purificatory acts.
2:16 The grief which has not yet come may be avoided.
2:17 The cause of the avoidable is the superimposition of the external world onto the unseen world.
2:18 The experienced world consists of the elements and the senses in play. It is of the nature of cognition, activity and rest, and is for the purpose of experience and realization.
2:19 The stages of the attributes effecting the experienced world are the specialized and the unspecialized, the differentiated and the undifferentiated.
2:20 The indweller is pure consciousness only, which though pure, sees through the mind and is identified by ego as being only the mind.
2:21 The very existence of the seen is for the sake of the seer.
2:22 Although Creation is discerned as not real for the one who has achieved the goal, it is yet real in that Creation remains the common experience to others.
2:23 The association of the seer with Creation is for the distinct recognition of the objective world, as well as for the recognition of the distinct nature of the seer.
2:24 The cause of the association is ignorance.
2:25 Liberation of the seer is the result of the dissassociation of the seer and the seen, with the disappearance of ignorance.
2:26 The continuous practice of discrimination is the means of attaining liberation.
2:27 Steady wisdom manifests in seven stages.
2:28 On the destruction of impurity by the sustained practice of the limbs of Union, the light of knowledge reveals the faculty of discrimination.
2:29 The eight limbs of Union are self-restraint in actions, fixed observance, posture, regulation of energy, mind-control in sense engagements, concentration, meditation, and realization.
2:30 Self-restraint in actions includes abstention from violence, from falsehoods, from stealing, from sexual engagements, and from acceptance of gifts.
2:31 These five willing abstentions are not limited by rank, place, time or circumstance and constitute the Great Vow.
2:32 The fixed observances are cleanliness, contentment, austerity, study and persevering devotion to God.
2:33 When improper thoughts disturb the mind, there should be constant pondering over the opposites.
2:34 Improper thoughts and emotions such as those of violence- whether done, caused to be done, or even approved of- indeed, any thought originating in desire, anger or delusion, whether mild medium or intense- do all result in endless pain and misery. Overcome such distractions by pondering on the opposites.
2:35 When one is confirmed in non-violence, hostility ceases in his presence.
2:36 When one is firmly established in speaking truth, the fruits of action become subservient to him.
2:37 All jewels approach him who is confirmed in honesty.
2:38 When one is confirmed in celibacy, spiritual vigor is gained.
2:39 When one is confirmed in non-possessiveness, the knowledge of the why and how of existence is attained.
2:40 From purity follows a withdrawal from enchantment over one's own body as well as a cessation of desire for physical contact with others.
2:41 As a result of contentment there is purity of mind, one-pointedness, control of the senses, and fitness for the vision of the self.
2:42 Supreme happiness is gained via contentment.
2:43 Through sanctification and the removal of impurities, there arise special powers in the body and senses.
2:44 By study comes communion with the Lord in the Form most admired.
2:45 Realization is experienced by making the Lord the motive of all actions.
2:46 The posture should be steady and comfortable.
2:47 In effortless relaxation, dwell mentally on the Endless with utter attention. 2:48 From that there is no disturbance from the dualities.
2:49 When that exists, control of incoming and outgoing energies is next.
2:50 It may be external, internal, or midway, regulated by time, place, or number, and of brief or long duration.
2:51 Energy-control which goes beyond the sphere of external and internal is the fourth level- the vital.
2:52 In this way, that which covers the light is destroyed.
2:53 Thus the mind becomes fit for concentration.
2:54 When the mind maintains awareness, yet does not mingle with the senses, nor the senses with sense impressions, then self-awareness blossoms.
2:55 In this way comes mastery over the senses.
________________________________________
Chapter Three
Divine Powers
3:1 One-pointedness is steadfastness of the mind.
3:2 Unbroken continuation of that mental ability is meditation.
3:3 That same meditation when there is only consciousness of the object of meditation and not of the mind is realization.
3:4 The three appearing together are self-control.
3:5 By mastery comes wisdom.
3:6 The application of mastery is by stages.
3:7 The three are more efficacious than the restraints.
3:8 Even that is external to the seedless realization.
3:9 The significant aspect is the union of the mind with the moment of absorption, when the outgoing thought disappears and the absorptive experience appears.
3:10 From sublimation of this union comes the peaceful flow of unbroken unitive cognition.
3:11 The contemplative transformation of this is equalmindedness, witnessing the rise and destruction of distraction as well as one-pointedness itself.
3:12 The mind becomes one-pointed when the subsiding and rising thought-waves are exactly similar.
3:13 In this state, it passes beyond the changes of inherent characteristics, properties and the conditional modifications of object or sensory recognition.
3:14 The object is that which preserves the latent characteristic, the rising characteristic or the yet-to-be-named characteristic that establishes one entity as specific.
3:15 The succession of these changes in that entity is the cause of its modification.
3:16 By self-control over these three-fold changes (of property, character and condition), knowledge of the past and the future arises.
3:17 The sound of a word, the idea behind the word, and the object the idea signfies are often taken as being one thing and may be mistaken for one another. By self-control over their distinctions, understanding of all languages of all creatures arises.
3:18 By self-control on the perception of mental impressions, knowledge of previous lives arises.
3:19 By self-control on any mark of a body, the wisdom of the mind activating that body arises.
3:20 By self-control on the form of a body, by suspending perceptibility and separating effulgence therefrom, there arises invisibility and inaudibilty.
3:21 Action is of two kinds, dormant and fruitful. By self-control on such action, one portends the time of death.
3:22 By performing self-control on friendliness, the strength to grant joy arises.
3:23 By self-control over any kind of strength, such as that of the elephant, that very strength arises.
3:24 By self-control on the primal activator comes knowledge of the hidden, the subtle, and the distant.
3:25 By self-control on the Sun comes knowledge of spatial specificities.
3:26 By self-control on the Moon comes knowledge of the heavens.
3:27 By self-control on the Polestar arises knowledge of orbits.
3:28 By self-control on the navel arises knowledge of the constitution of the body.
3:29 By self-control on the pit of the throat one subdues hunger and thirst.
3:30 By self-control on the tube within the chest one acquires absolute steadiness.
3:31 By self-control on the light in the head one envisions perfected beings.
3:32 There is knowledge of everything from intuition.
3:33 Self-control on the heart brings knowledge of the mental entity.
3:34 Experience arises due to the inability of discerning the attributes of vitality from the indweller, even though they are indeed distinct from one another. Self-control brings true knowledge of the indweller by itself.
3:35 This spontaneous enlightenment results in intuitional perception of hearing, touching, seeing and smelling.
3:36 To the outward turned mind, the sensory organs are perfections, but are obstacles to realization.
3:37 When the bonds of the mind caused by action have been loosened, one may enter the body of another by knowledge of how the nerve-currents function.
3:38 By self-control of the nerve-currents utilising the lifebreath, one may levitate, walk on water, swamps, thorns, or the like.
3:39 By self-control over the maintenance of breath, one may radiate light.
3:40 By self-control on the relation of the ear to the ether one gains distant hearing.
3:41 By self-control over the relation of the body to the ether, and maintaining at the same time the thought of the lightness of cotton, one is able to pass through space.
3:42 By self-control on the mind when it is separated from the body- the state known as the Great Transcorporeal- all coverings are removed from the Light.
3:43 Mastery over the elements arises when their gross and subtle forms,as well as their essential characteristics, and the inherent attributes and experiences they produce, is examined in self-control.
3:44 Thereby one may become as tiny as an atom as well as having many other abilities, such as perfection of the body, and non-resistence to duty.
3:45 Perfection of the body consists in beauty, grace, strength and adamantine hardness.
3:46 By self-control on the changes that the sense-organs endure when contacting objects, and on the power of the sense of identity, and of the influence of the attributes, and the experience all these produce- one masters the senses.
3:47 From that come swiftness of mind, independence of perception, and mastery over primoridal matter.
3:48 To one who recognizes the distinctive relation between vitality and indweller comes omnipotence and omniscience.
3:49 Even for the destruction of the seed of bondage by desirelessness there comes absolute independence.
3:50 When invited by invisible beings one should be neither flattered nor satisfied, for there is yet a possibility of ignorance rising up.
3:51 By self-control over single moments and their succession there is wisdom born of discrimination.
3:52 From that there is recognition of two similars when that difference cannot be distinguished by class, characteristic or position.
3:53 Intuition, which is the entire discriminative knowledge, relates to all objects at all times, and is without succession.
3:54 Liberation is attained when there is equal purity between vitality and the indweller.
________________________________________
Chapter Four
Realization
4:1 Psychic powers arise by birth, drugs, incantations, purificatory acts or concentrated insight.
4:2 Transformation into another state is by the directed flow of creative nature.
4:3 Creative nature is not moved into action by any incidental cause, but by the removal of obstacles, as in the case of a farmer clearing his field of stones for irrigation.
4:4 Created minds arise from egoism alone.
4:5 There being difference of interest, one mind is the director of many minds.
4:6 Of these, the mind born of concentrated insight is free from the impressions.
4:7 The impressions of unitive cognition are neither good nor bad. In the case of the others, there are three kinds of impressions.
4:8 From them proceed the development of the tendencies which bring about the fruition of actions.
4:9 Because of the magnetic qualities of habitual mental patterns and memory, a relationship of cause and effect clings even though there may be a change of embodiment by class, space and time.
4:10 The desire to live is eternal, and the thought-clusters prompting a sense of identity are beginningless.
4:11 Being held together by cause and effect, substratum and object- the tendencies themselves disappear on the dissolution of these bases.
4:12 The past and the future exist in the object itself as form and expression, there being difference in the conditions of the properties.
4:13 Whether manifested or unmanifested they are of the nature of the attributes.
4:14 Things assume reality because of the unity maintained within that modification.
4:15 Even though the external object is the same, there is a difference of cognition in regard to the object because of the difference in mentality.
4:16 And if an object known only to a single mind were not cognized by that mind, would it then exist?
4:17 An object is known or not known by the mind, depending on whether or not the mind is colored by the object.
4:18 The mutations of awareness are always known on account of the changelessness of its Lord, the indweller.
4:19 Nor is the mind self-luminous, as it can be known.
4:20 It is not possible for the mind to be both the perceived and the perceiver simultaneously.
4:21 In the case of cognition of one mind by another, we would have to assume cognition of cognition, and there would be confusion of memories.
4:22 Consciousness appears to the mind itself as intellect when in that form in which it does not pass from place to place.
4:23 The mind is said to perceive when it reflects both the indweller (the knower) and the objects of perception (the known).
4:24 Though variegated by innumerable tendencies, the mind acts not for itself but for another, for the mind is of compound substance.
4:25 For one who sees the distinction, there is no further confusing of the mind with the self.
4:26 Then the awareness begins to discriminate, and gravitates towards liberation.
4:27 Distractions arise from habitual thought patterns when practice is intermittent.
4:28 The removal of the habitual thought patterns is similar to that of the afflictions already described.
4:29 To one who remains undistracted in even the highest intellection there comes the equalminded realization known as The Cloud of Virtue. This is a result of discriminative discernment.
4:30 From this there follows freedom from cause and effect and afflictions.
4:31 The infinity of knowledge available to such a mind freed of all obscuration and property makes the universe of sensory perception seem small.
4:32 Then the sequence of change in the three attributes comes to an end, for they have fulfilled their function.
4:33 The sequence of mutation occurs in every second, yet is comprehensible only at the end of a series.
4:34 When the attributes cease mutative association with awarenessness, they resolve into dormancy in Nature, and the indweller shines forth as pure consciousness. This is absolute freedom.
business quotes
Business is a combination of war and sport.
By working faithfully eight hours a day you may eventually get to be boss and work twelve hours a day.
An economist is an expert who will know tomorrow why the things he predicted yesterday didn't happen today.
An advertising agency is 85 percent confusion and 15 percent commission.
All lasting business is built on friendship.
Men who do things without being told draw the most wages.
Mental attitude is more important than mental capacity.
Do more than is required. What is the distance between someone who achieves their goals consistently and those who spend their lives and careers merely following? The extra mile.
By working faithfully eight hours a day you may eventually get to be boss and work twelve hours a day.
An economist is an expert who will know tomorrow why the things he predicted yesterday didn't happen today.
An advertising agency is 85 percent confusion and 15 percent commission.
All lasting business is built on friendship.
Men who do things without being told draw the most wages.
Mental attitude is more important than mental capacity.
Do more than is required. What is the distance between someone who achieves their goals consistently and those who spend their lives and careers merely following? The extra mile.
ten reasons why startups fail
Following are the ten reasons why startups fail:
1) They run out of money. They are too optimistic about when their product is going to be accepted by the market
2) Founders don’t have complete faith in each other. They fight instead of delegating, trusting and verifying.
3) CEO hires weak team members. Strong CEOs sometimes try to carry everyone with them.
4) They want to do too much. A successful startup finds a narrow niche that they can dominate and then expands.
5) They go after too small a market.
6) They don’t charge enough from their customers to survive. They often think their mentors/investors are their customers, and think that a nice sale is all they need.
7) They hire too many people up front.
8) They get unlucky. Competitors, new technologies, et al.
9) They don’t work hard enough or fast enough or smart enough. All those little decisions add up to an outcome.
10) They don’t take enough risks. Some startups think they should operate like big firms. They can never beat MS or Google at their own game. They should get creative and do things differently, even at the risk of embarrassment.
1) They run out of money. They are too optimistic about when their product is going to be accepted by the market
2) Founders don’t have complete faith in each other. They fight instead of delegating, trusting and verifying.
3) CEO hires weak team members. Strong CEOs sometimes try to carry everyone with them.
4) They want to do too much. A successful startup finds a narrow niche that they can dominate and then expands.
5) They go after too small a market.
6) They don’t charge enough from their customers to survive. They often think their mentors/investors are their customers, and think that a nice sale is all they need.
7) They hire too many people up front.
8) They get unlucky. Competitors, new technologies, et al.
9) They don’t work hard enough or fast enough or smart enough. All those little decisions add up to an outcome.
10) They don’t take enough risks. Some startups think they should operate like big firms. They can never beat MS or Google at their own game. They should get creative and do things differently, even at the risk of embarrassment.
quotes
It takes your enemy and your friend, working together to hurt you to the heart; the one to slander you and the other to get the news to you.
For many persons, law appears to be black magic--an obscure domain that can be fathomed only by the professional initiated into the mysteries.
Money is the most important thing in the world. It represents health, strength, honor, generosity, and beauty as conspicuously as the want of it represents illness, weakness, disgrace, meanness, and ugliness.
Praise is the hire of virtue.
Far more crucial than what we know or do not know is what we do not want to know. One often obtains a clue to a person's nature by discovering the reasons for his or her imperviousness to certain impressions.
Patriotism is when love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own comes first.
Every man is a damn fool for at least five minutes every day; wisdom consists in not exceeding the limit.
He who devotes sixteen hours a day to hard study may become at sixty as wise as he thought himself at twenty.
It is a characteristic of wisdom not to do desperate things.
It is astonishing with how little wisdom mankind can be governed, when that little wisdom is its own.
It requires wisdom to understand wisdom: the music is nothing if the audience is deaf.
Memory is the mother of all wisdom.
Never does nature say one thing and wisdom another.
The older I grow the more I distrust the familiar doctrine that age brings wisdom.
The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions.
There is a wisdom of the head, and a wisdom of the heart.
Wisdom begins at the end.
Wisdom begins in wonder.
To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom.
Turn your wounds into wisdom.
Wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when you'd have preferred to talk.
Wisdom is not wisdom when it is derived from books alone.
Wisdom outweighs any wealth.
I've failed over and over and over again in my life and that is why I succeed.
Every generation has to earn its own FREEDOM.
If at first you don't succeed, try, try again. Then quit. There's no use being a damn fool about it.
The more you say, the less people remember.
Never lose a chance of saying a kind word.
There are two things to aim at in life; first to get what you want, and after that to enjoy it. Only the wisest of mankind has achieved the second.
For many persons, law appears to be black magic--an obscure domain that can be fathomed only by the professional initiated into the mysteries.
Money is the most important thing in the world. It represents health, strength, honor, generosity, and beauty as conspicuously as the want of it represents illness, weakness, disgrace, meanness, and ugliness.
Praise is the hire of virtue.
Far more crucial than what we know or do not know is what we do not want to know. One often obtains a clue to a person's nature by discovering the reasons for his or her imperviousness to certain impressions.
Patriotism is when love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate for people other than your own comes first.
Every man is a damn fool for at least five minutes every day; wisdom consists in not exceeding the limit.
He who devotes sixteen hours a day to hard study may become at sixty as wise as he thought himself at twenty.
It is a characteristic of wisdom not to do desperate things.
It is astonishing with how little wisdom mankind can be governed, when that little wisdom is its own.
It requires wisdom to understand wisdom: the music is nothing if the audience is deaf.
Memory is the mother of all wisdom.
Never does nature say one thing and wisdom another.
The older I grow the more I distrust the familiar doctrine that age brings wisdom.
The young man knows the rules, but the old man knows the exceptions.
There is a wisdom of the head, and a wisdom of the heart.
Wisdom begins at the end.
Wisdom begins in wonder.
To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom.
Turn your wounds into wisdom.
Wisdom is the reward you get for a lifetime of listening when you'd have preferred to talk.
Wisdom is not wisdom when it is derived from books alone.
Wisdom outweighs any wealth.
I've failed over and over and over again in my life and that is why I succeed.
Every generation has to earn its own FREEDOM.
If at first you don't succeed, try, try again. Then quit. There's no use being a damn fool about it.
The more you say, the less people remember.
Never lose a chance of saying a kind word.
There are two things to aim at in life; first to get what you want, and after that to enjoy it. Only the wisest of mankind has achieved the second.
silence
THE real ultimate teaching is silence. The real teaching is simply silence. It is not to utter words. Words and speech constitute a human phenomenon. Human nature and all its movements are finite and limited. They are necessarily conditioned by time and space. They are also, by their very nature of human perception, cognisance and knowing, confined within the framework of name and form.
All human speech and words are conditioned. How can you expect to express the unconditioned through a conditioned medium? Nevertheless, because speech is expected, words are spoken. Out of necessity they are spoken. Evidently it is a necessity, otherwise how to account for the voluminous scriptures of all the world’s religions? All these scriptures constitute words and language, which is a phenomenon limited by time and space, name and form. It means that words have been a necessity and evidently that necessity still continues, for new spiritual literature is being produced every day.
Innumerable are the questions that ask for a reply. Therefore language seems to have become necessary. But, it is still true that the ultimate and only teaching is silence. There can be no teaching greater than silence and that alone is able to express the truth about the ultimate Reality.
All speech implies a duality, and the ultimate Reality is supremely non-dual, absolute, one without a second. Speech being a communication between two, and thus necessarily implying duality, how can it be the ultimate and best teaching?
All human speech and words are conditioned. How can you expect to express the unconditioned through a conditioned medium? Nevertheless, because speech is expected, words are spoken. Out of necessity they are spoken. Evidently it is a necessity, otherwise how to account for the voluminous scriptures of all the world’s religions? All these scriptures constitute words and language, which is a phenomenon limited by time and space, name and form. It means that words have been a necessity and evidently that necessity still continues, for new spiritual literature is being produced every day.
Innumerable are the questions that ask for a reply. Therefore language seems to have become necessary. But, it is still true that the ultimate and only teaching is silence. There can be no teaching greater than silence and that alone is able to express the truth about the ultimate Reality.
All speech implies a duality, and the ultimate Reality is supremely non-dual, absolute, one without a second. Speech being a communication between two, and thus necessarily implying duality, how can it be the ultimate and best teaching?
quotes
Experience is what you get when you didn't get what you wanted
never confuse motion with action
The supply of good women far exceeds that of the men who deserve them.
One today is worth two tomorrows.
Every one feels the cold according as he is clad.
One cannot be in two places at once.
Life is like a game of tennis; the player who serves well seldom loses.
Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change.
The scientific theory I like the best is that the rings of Saturn are composed entirely of lost airline baggage.
Marry a mountain girl and you marry the whole mountain.
No one was ever great without some portion of divine inspiration.
Most important for us is a good spiritual relationship between employees and management.
The sculptor produces the beautiful statue by chipping away such parts of the marble block as are not needed - it is a process of elimination.
Beauty of whatever kind, in its supreme development, invariably excites the sensitive soul to tears.
To accept a favor is to forfeit liberty.
The best way to beat your enemy is to beat him at politeness.
Truth exists; only lies are invented.
Success is in the details.
A weapon which you don't have in your hand won't kill a snake.
never confuse motion with action
The supply of good women far exceeds that of the men who deserve them.
One today is worth two tomorrows.
Every one feels the cold according as he is clad.
One cannot be in two places at once.
Life is like a game of tennis; the player who serves well seldom loses.
Only the wisest and stupidest of men never change.
The scientific theory I like the best is that the rings of Saturn are composed entirely of lost airline baggage.
Marry a mountain girl and you marry the whole mountain.
No one was ever great without some portion of divine inspiration.
Most important for us is a good spiritual relationship between employees and management.
The sculptor produces the beautiful statue by chipping away such parts of the marble block as are not needed - it is a process of elimination.
Beauty of whatever kind, in its supreme development, invariably excites the sensitive soul to tears.
To accept a favor is to forfeit liberty.
The best way to beat your enemy is to beat him at politeness.
Truth exists; only lies are invented.
Success is in the details.
A weapon which you don't have in your hand won't kill a snake.
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